Watershed Signal
Ministry of Rural Development

PS-26015.
Geospatial Watershed Intelligence.

SIH 2026

Application of geospatial techniques for visualization and analysis, interpreting geo-coded images to improve watershed development outcomes. India runs large watershed-development programs — check dams, percolation tanks, afforestation — in drought-prone rural areas. Verifying whether they're working currently relies on manual field visits: slow, expensive, and doesn't scale to thousands of sites.

— Architecture
01

Model 1 — U-Net, ResNet18 encoder

Reads a 6-channel stack (R, G, B, NIR, NDVI, NDWI) and classifies every 10m Sentinel-2 patch into one of 7 land-cover types. Trained on 4 real sites chosen to cover the classes any single site lacked.

02

Change Detection — Tier-1 rule matrix

A rule-based pixel-diff of two Model 1 passes across the same area — no secondary training needed, and every output class traces back to an auditable rule.

03

Recommendation Engine

Pure if-then rules over the change map, condition score, and NDVI trend. No dataset for "recommendations" exists, and a black-box output wouldn't be trusted by a government official — so every alert has a specific, inspectable reason.

04

Field Verification

In-browser EXIF GPS extraction from a geo-tagged photo, matched against the satellite-predicted class at that exact coordinate, with a human confirm/mismatch verdict logged alongside it.

— Trained sites

Kadwanchi Watershed

19.883°N, 75.991°E
Jalna dist., Maharashtra

Indo-German Watershed Development Programme site (1997–2002, 1888 ha). Primary site — has a real T1→T2 pair, drives the change-detection demo.

Tamhini Ghat Forest

18.449°N, 73.423°E
Pune dist., Maharashtra

Western Ghats dense-forest site, added to cover the dense-vegetation class. Single-date, training only.

Donimalai Iron Mine

15.059°N, 76.594°E
Sandur, Ballari dist., Karnataka

Exposed-ground mine site, added to cover the barren/degraded class. Single-date, training only.

Jayakwadi Dam

19.486°N, 75.370°E
Paithan, Aurangabad dist., Maharashtra

Large reservoir/river site, added to cover rivers and large water bodies. Single-date, training only.

— Data sources
Sentinel-2 L2A
Earth Search STAC API (AWS Open Data)
Automatic, no account needed
ESA WorldCover 10m
Training reference labels
Automatic, no account needed
Bhuvan LULC (ISRO/NRSC)
India-specific label upgrade path
Needs personal registration